Periodical printed edition (journal)

 

ISSN 2308-8877

Registration certificate PI No. FS 77-79357 dated 16.10.2020 (previously PI No. FS 77 - 66379 dated 14.07.2016 and PI No. FS 77-54416 dated 10.06.2013)

Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies Named after G.F. Morozov

№4 (47) 2019

Download №4 2019

BIOFUELS AND ALTERNATIVE ENERGY

 

Belyaev S.V., Davydkov G.A. PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF BIOENERGY

Abstract: The article notes that among the possible alternatives to oil fuels, biofuels, including chips, pellets are already widely used in heat power engineering in many regions of the world. The accumulated experience of application can be useful for the development of bioenergy in the Republic of Karelia. The main sources of biofuels production are considered, their characteristics are analyzed and attention is paid to ecological properties.

Keywords: biomass, bioenergy, wood chips, pellets, biofuel, Fischer-Tropsch technologies.

 

ARCHITECTURE AND CONSTRUCTION

 

Kravchenko V.Y., Mikhailova A.D. PROBLEMATICS OF URBAN PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT

Abstract: Urban planning is one of the most relevant field of construction and architecture in the modern world. Also urbanistics is boosting the pace of development in latter time. This science touches upon and considers a whole set of tasks related to many aspects of daily life. A significant amount of resources are constantly allocated to solve such tasks in many civilized countries. Such tasks may be include economic development of cities and the abidance of sanitary-hygienic norms and other norms, as well as the aesthetic component - since the city shouldn’t only be convenient for its inhabitans, but also should take on a form in which a person wants to live in it. The aim of the study conducted in this article is to study and analyze the external component of the environment of a modern city. The main task is to study the principles of rational organization of urban spaces and seek complex solution of various urbanistic problems and problems of urban planning. The most obvious problems are: insufficient investment in the development of urban spaces, urban building under the Soviet way of life, lack of understanding of the primary needs of the city, as well as their correct implementation.

Keywords: urban planning, urbanistics, urbanization, problematic of urban planning, land improvement, urban development.

 

GENETICS, BIOLOGY, SELECTION AND BIOTECHNOLOGY

 

Safronov V.N. PERIODICITY OF POLYGENIC SIGNS AND EVOLUTION

Abstract: Mendel G.I., [1, 5] not knowing about the existence of genes, found a statistical dependence of the inheritance of monopheno-traits, and the authors of this publication, without going into the intricacies of the structure of polygenes, found a complex-periodic mathematical dependence of the inheritance of polygenic pheno-traits over generations of cohorts as consequences of evolution. Chetverikov S.S. [12, 13] called "population waves" - periodic outbreaks and degradation of the number of organisms - "waves of life", and this is fundamental for all types of living organisms, and therefore their polygenic phene-signs are periodic.

Keywords: taxon, generation cohort, species, evolution, polygenic heredity, speciation, variability, natural selection, selection, forest pathology, gerontology, medicine, genetics, history, economy, wars.

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN ECONOMIC RESEARCH

 

Morkovina S.S., Shanin I.I. REVIEW AND PRACTICE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIESIN THE FOREST INDUSTRY

Abstract: In the forest industry, it can be noted that there are programs both for the development of the forest complex and for the development of the forest industry as a whole. According to the Concept for the Development of the Forest Complex until 2030, most subjects of the Russian Federation lack comprehensive fire-fighting management of territories. This is primarily due to the fact that fire-fighting management of land allocated to forestry and forestry is carried out according to standards that do not have clear consistency among themselves and do not take into account the actual situation of forest fires. The extent to which early detection of forest fires is effective depends on the amount of forest resources lost in the future.

The forest industry needs to apply information and communication technologies in the field of forest fire prevention and extinguishing, control of reforestation works, wood harvesting and production of forest products. Looking at the production component of the timber sector, the structure of innovative developments related to the application of digital technologies is insufficient. Most forest industry entities are interested in the use of digital technologies, which would reduce the volume of forest resources lost annually, improve the quality of innovative forest products, strengthen innovation activity in the forest industry and direct the industry to an innovative development path.

Keywords: Digitalization, forest industry, forest industry, forestry, information resources.

 

PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES

 

Skakovec I.S., Smirnov A.A., Panachev V.D. EDUCATION MIDSHIPMAN FACILITY PHYSICAL PODGOTOVKI AND SPORT

Abstract: The article addresses the burning questions of how and why it is necessary to educate the younger generation. What goals should be put in ensuring that a person achieves holistic knowledge of the world and the world community in mastering self-improvement of life-sense, worldview orientations, readiness for self-cultivation, self-cultivation, knowledge of deep integrative processes of personal development [1, р.44]. The demand for the quality of the educational process in the younger generation and youth is related to the formation of competencies, competence and competence-based approach focusing on such vectors as learning, self-determination, self-actualization, the development of their individual personality and its socialization in modern society, the results of which are reflected in professional competencies, which are the basic structural elements of the educational process.

Keywords: upbringing, personality intelligence, worldview formation, self-development, influence on oneself, self-determination, socialization.

 

TECHNICAL SCIENCE

 

Kolokatov  A.M., Sokolova V.M., Pikina A.M. DETERMINATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE VOMPOSITION OF LUBRIVATION COOLANTS ON THE PROPETIES AND SURFACE STRUCTURE

Abstract: In this paper, the team of authors considered the problem of reducing the wear of the cutting tool in the process of metal cutting. In the cutting process to reduce the wear of the cutting tool, reduce the temperature in the cutting zone and improve the cutting conditions, various types of lubricating and cooling media (STS) are used. In this paper, the features of the use of lubricating and cooling fluids as one of the most common method of increasing the efficiency of machining are considered. For the experiment, two commercial coolant imported and one domestic, and were selected coolant of different classes, containing different amounts of surfactants (surfactants). The paper presents the results of a study of the tribological characteristics of the cooling lubricant cooling liquids (coolant) when tested according to the scheme "roller-shoe", and the feature of this work is not only comparative tests of different types of coolant, but also to obtain experimental dependencies of the coefficient of friction on the strength of mutual pressing of samples for different concentrations, so the possibility of optimizing the composition of the coolant on these figures. As the material of the pad selected steel 65, roller material gray cast iron SCH 20. Also the analysis of the obtained experimental data the dependences processed by regression analysis using the least squares method the obtained dependences, according to the dependency graphs, obtained the same formula in the text is omitted. The analysis and discussion of the data obtained, as well as recommendations on the choice of coolant to improve the efficiency of the metal machining process.

Keywords: coolant (coolant), temperature, friction, friction machine, friction coefficient.

 

Prichodko I.L., Malinina I.D., Naji Najm Abdulzahra Farhud INCREASING THE RELIABILITY OF THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE BY INCREASING THE WEAR RESISTANCE OF THE TRIBO-COMMUNICATIONS

Abstract: The influence of additives polyfunc!tionally additives on the properties of semi-synthetic motor oils. Experimentally pro!ved the cha!nge of bas!ic physico-chem!ical and operat!ional properties of oils, su!ch as tribol!ogical properties, ash content, the ecological prope!rties of the engine. The mechanism of action devel!oped additive for motor oil, its influ!ence on the formation of friction surface. For comparative tests of the proposed additive, compositions with different running times in the engine based on MA! NOL motor oil were used, as well as compositions using the corrosion inhibitor AKOR! -1. The first stage of testing consisted in the study of the tribological properties of the developed compounds. The tests were carried out on a friction machine II5018 according to the disk-to-boat scheme.

Keywords: tribocorrosion, friction, wear, engine oil, engine additive, a surfactant.

 

Shanin I.I., Lysych M.N. OVERVIEW OF MODERN UAVS REQUIRED FOR THE APPLICATION OF MEASURES ON FOREST FIRE PREVENTION AND EXTINGUISHING

Abstract: Today, forest fires are a major factor in reducing forest resources. Every year about 36,000 forest fires are registered in the territory of the Russian Federation, the total area of which is more than 3 million hectares annually. In 2019, fires affected hard-to-reach areas in the Krasnoyarsk region, in the Irkutsk region, in the Republic of Buryatia, in the Transbaikal region and Yakutia. It is worth noting that as a result of continuous and often unauthorized logging, there is an increase in forest-free areas every year, where there is also a need to implement reforestation activities in the form of accelerated reforestation of forest crops, as well as to promote natural reforestation.

Here, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) of different classes can be used to solve these problems. The use of UAVs can assist in measures to reduce the loss of forest areas in the direction of monitoring and patrolling of forest areas, detection of forest fires, monitoring of scrap cuttings, forest protection, reforestation and management activities. The use of UAVs in the forest industry is also considered as a promising direction in the activities of logging enterprises, in reforestation works, including in hard-to-reach areas.

Keywords: UAVs, unmanned vehicles, aerial vehicles, forest industry complex, reforestation, forest fires.

 

Yanyuk Yu.V., Nikolaev V.A. CONTROL ADAPTIVE ALGORITHM SELECTION SUBSTANTIATION FOR THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF WOOD CHIPS DRYING

Abstract: One of the main parameters the quality wood chipboards affecting is the wood chips moisture content they are made from. Drying chips is an important production technological process, but one of the most energy-intensive at the same time. The article addresses the reducing energy costs issue for the drying wood chips process in an automated drum-type drying unit and substantiates selection a drying agent temperature control adaptive algorithm. The existing control algorithm does not allow automatically correction control parameter (air temperature) on the depending the drying material current humidity. It is not possible with this control algorithm to consider the heated air temperature as a material humidity function, which, in turn, varies greatly depending on the atmospheric air humidity. Ultimately, this leads to an excessive consumption of fuel and a decrease in the drying equipment productivity. To eliminate these shortcomings, it is proposed to create an adaptive control algorithm and, for this purpose, include a humidity sensor in the equipment, thereby forming a control signal in the automatic system taking into account the wood chips current moisture indicators, depending on seasonal changes in ambient air humidity.     

Keywords: wood chips drying, technological process, control algorithm, air humidity, automatic control system, drum-type dryer.

 

PHYSICAL AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES

 

Papkov S.O., Papkovа Yu.I., Lastovenko O.R. SPECTRUM OF ANTI-SYMMETRIC VIBRATOIONS OF AN ELASTIC RECTANGULAR PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORTS

Abstract: The question of the presence of the edge resonance effect under steady-state induced antisymmetric vibrations of a rectangular plate in the case of plane deformation is investigated. For symmetric vibration modes, this effect was first noticed in the 60s of the last century. At the frequency of the edge resonance, the vibration modes begin to concentrate at the edges of the plate. However, under an antisymmetric driving load, this effect has not been adequately studied either theoretically or experimentally. An analytical solution to the equations of oscillation of an elastic body is constructed on the basis of the superposition method. In this case, the resolving equations are satisfied exactly,  relatively the indefinite coefficients of the solution, an infinite system of linear equations is obtained. The analysis and solution of this system is carried out on the basis of the author’s generalization of a sufficient conditions of the existence of a nonzero limit for the solution of the system, which allows one to obtain a solution to the boundary value problem in a closed form. In their turn this one allows us to construct an effective algorithm for determining numerical coefficients. Based on the obtained solution, the spectrum of the eigenfrequencies of the problem is numerically investigated. According to the presented spectrum analysis, it is concluded that there is no edge resonance for this type of driving load. Examples of the results of numerical modeling are given.

Keywords: vibrations, plate, edge resonance, infinite system of linear equations, spectrum.

 

Kerimullov K.K. TECHNIQUE OF THE GENERAL AND SPECIAL PHYSICAL PREPARATION OF JUDOISTS OF 15-17 YEARS ON THE BASIS OF INCLUSION OF EXERCISES OF POWER FUNCTIONAL TRAINING

Abstract: The high competition of judo wrestlers in competitive fights at the international level in recent decades raises the bar of requirements for all types of athletes' fitness. The largest role is determined by the levels of general and special physical fitness. Many fighters of the level of higher sportsmanship believe that the increase in physical activity is an attempt to compensate for shortcomings in technical and tactical training, as well as psychological uncertainty in the available capabilities [7, 8, 10]. At the same time, the tactics of offensive fighting in judo led to the simplification of tactical settings, which are mainly aimed at keeping the opponent until the end of the match [2], while practice shows that throwing from the back, hooks from the inside, hooking, become the most effective techniques in tournaments. time for fighting on the ground has increased.

The relevance of the study is to expand existing ideas about the physical training of young judokas, to create new knowledge and new competencies in organizing and maintaining their general and special physical training, in describing the possibilities and prospects of using the new approach in the process of organizing training sessions, in the possibility of using new organizational -methodical conditions to achieve the goal of improving the results of physical fitness of young judoka athletes to achieve high stage Ia pedestal in competitions.

Keywords: young judo athletes, general and special physical training, physical fitness.

 

ECONOMICS, MANAGEMENT AND MARKETING

 

Shanin I.I. BUSINESS PROCESS PLANNING METHODOLOGY IN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES

Abstract: Planning describes the performance of an enterprise by comparing the results and the costs involved. Results in economics refer to the outcome of the use or use of resources. The results are manifested in various forms: creation of a competitive sample of products, revenue from increasing volume of production, number of new products. They can be expressed in natural and value forms. One of the key areas of business activity of the enterprise is research aimed at developing ways to improve business planning. On the basis of this study, an assessment of the final results of financial and economic activity is provided, and the ways of development of the enterprise on the basis of business planning are improved. The basis of the economic activity of the production furniture enterprise is the production of high-quality products in the necessary price segment, according to the demand of consumers and high-quality service to consumers, active provision to buyers of various variants of sold products and services. The operation of the furniture company is conditioned by the sale of the goods produced to the consumer. This process is the final stage of the production process from producer to end-user.

Keywords: Business processes, planning, profitability, efficiency, enterprises.